9/2/2023 0 Comments Jerusalem population 0 adMore information about this period, the age of the Patriarchs, is obtained from the Bible. In the earlier group of these texts, two kings, spelled Yqrʿ m and Šsʿ n, are mentioned one more ruler appears in the later group, but his name ( Ba…) is largely illegible. Jerusalem is mentioned as a Canaanite city-state in the Execration Texts of the 20 th–19 th centuries b.c.e. Excavations have brought to light fragmentary rectangular houses and pottery. The small Early Bronze Age ii settlement (a hamlet or village) was situated on the lower southwestern hill of Jerusalem, close to the spring of Gihon. Its natural advantages were restricted its territory probably extended over only a limited area of land. It was one in a series of towns settled on the north-south watershed road in the central highland region. Jerusalem emerged into the full light of history together with many other ancient cities of Canaan in the Early Bronze Age. Chalcolithic sites are known in the vicinity of Jerusalem (e.g., Khirbet es-Sauma'a which was investigated by Nasralleh in 1936), as well as in the Judean Desert to the east and close to Bethlehem to the south, but the first proper excavation of a Chalcolithic site was made at Sataf, west of Jerusalem, in 1989. Chalcolithic pottery was discovered during excavations in the area of the "City of David" attesting to the importance of its spring of water from very early times. Epi-Palaeolithic implements have also been identified in the area of the "City of David." Neolithic sites are also known from the vicinity of Jerusalem, notably at Abu Ghosh and Motza to the west. Scatters of Upper Acheulean flint implements of Lower Palaeolithic age have been found in the area of Baqa' and the Rephaim Valley (mainly handaxes and flakes) to the southwest of the city, and in Sheikh Jarrah and on Mount Scopus to the north of the city. The earliest evidence of the existence of man in the area of Jerusalem is from the prehistoric periods. the city continued to be known by its Roman-Byzantine name "Aelia," but later, from the Fatimid period onwards, the city was referred to as Bayt al-Maqdis (the "holy house," or the "temple"), and from the 10 th century as al-Quds (the "holy"). Jerusalem has many names of admiration and reverence given by the Prophets and later Hebrew poets: " The City," "God's City," the "Holy City," the "City of Justice," the "Faithful City," the "City of Peace," the "Beautiful City," etc.įollowing the suppression of the Bar Kokhba revolt in 135 c.e., a new town was founded and it was renamed Aelia Capitolina after the family of Hadrian (Publius Aelius Hadrianus) and the patron gods of the city – the Capitoline triad of Jupiter, Juno, and Minerva. With the passage of time, both names became synonyms for the entire city. King David called this part "David's City" (" Ir David"), which at first indicated the fortress (ii Sam. The name Zion, whose meaning is not known, at first signified a part of the Jebusite city, probably the king's fortress – the "Stronghold of Zion" (ii Sam. The name *Jebus is that of the Jebusite people living in Jerusalem at the time of the conquest of Canaan by the Israelites, and the city was so designated until its occupation by King *David. The popular later midrashic explanation of the name Jerusalem as "foundation of peace ( shalom)" is associated with the poetic appellations given to the city. The god may have been considered the patron of the city, which had contained a sanctuary in his honor. It seems that the original name was Irusalem, and the meaning of the two words composing it is "to found" (" yarah") and the name of the West Semitic god Shulmanu, or Shalim. The Greek Hierosolyma reflects the "holiness" ( hieros, "holy") of the city. In the Bible it is usually spelled yrushlm and sometimes yrushlym (pronounced "Yerushalayim"). The name is spelled wš mm and was probably pronounced "rushalimum." In the Tell el-Amarna letters of the 14 th century b.c.e., it is written Urusalim, and in Assyrian Ursalimmu (Sennacherib inscription). The first mention of the city of Jerusalem is in the Egyptian Execration Texts of the 19 th–18 th centuries b.c.e. The entry is arranged according to the following outline: history
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